Palestinian leadership : ​ค้นหาหนังสือธรรมะ หน้า 1 / 3

… make such a solution work have disintegrated on the Palestinian side. And if the capability of the Palestinian leadership is questionable, so is the political will of Israel and the United States. Washington has never und…

…-state solution in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is increasingly in question due to the weakened Palestinian leadership and diminishing trust between Palestinians and Israelis. Events over the past decades have created …

… behalf of its national community—and this will require reconciliation between Fatah and Hamas. The Palestinian leadership must also be convinced—and be able to convince other Palestinians—of the political and economic ben…

…on, which aims to protect Israel's existence and Palestinian rights. Achieving this requires strong Palestinian leadership reconciliation between Fatah and Hamas, and credible commitments from both sides. While the benefit…

…active diplomatic options, but the building blocks of any diplomatic effort have disintegrated. The Palestinian leadership is split. There are two rival governments, one of which rejects political negotiations with Israel.…

The text discusses the complications surrounding the Palestinian legislative elections and the subsequent U.S. effort to undermine the democratic outcome, particularly emphasizing the Bush administrat

But the Bush administration showed little interest in the peace process. Instead, it pursued a set of policies that either downgraded Israeli–Palestinian peacemaking or subordinated it to demands for

The Bush administration exhibited a lack of interest in the peace process and instead directed policies that undermined Israeli-Palestinian negotiations, proposing a sequence of reform before peace th

… But such efforts cannot supplant the longer-term and more difficult task of resuscitating a viable Palestinian leadership. That task will require that the United States convert from a policy based on severe sanctions agai…

The text discusses the challenges of integrating Hamas while managing its actions against Israel. It stresses the importance of regional pressures and U.S. support for a unified Palestinian government

be recognized, but nobody should expect them to move beyond reactive diplomacy any time soon. Paradoxically, the Bush administration decided to refocus on the peace process just as conditions had beco

…umption held by the administration that a two-state solution is viable despite the divisions within Palestinian leadership and territorial complexities. Additionally, it highlights the urgency of nuclear proliferation issu…

Although Iran is a center around which Shi’i resentment could coalesce, two factors reduce the likelihood that the Tehran regime will encourage such a development. One is that Iran aspires to be the c

The complexities of Iran's relationship with Sunni states underscore the ongoing challenges in Middle Eastern diplomacy. Iran seeks to be a leader in the region, supporting not only Shiite factions bu

port they enjoyed, gave names to the rival groupings: the March14 anti-Syrian forces and the March 8 pro-Syrian forces. The March 14 demonstrations, which in the U.S. narrative became the Cedar Revolu

This text discusses the political dynamics in Lebanon following the Cedar Revolution, highlighting the division between the anti-Syrian March 14 coalition and the pro-Syrian March 8 forces. It outline

A Changed Region After September 11, 2001, the Bush administration launched an ambitious policy to forge a new Middle East, with intervention in Iraq as the driver of the transformation. "The establi

This analysis reflects on the changes in the Middle East following the events of September 11, 2001, highlighting the ambitious policies of the Bush administration aimed at establishing democracy and

but set aside its criticism when this was in its interest. It was never in agreement with the United States and sought other allies, but never became so antagonistic as to provoke a strong American re

The text explores the evolving relationship between Syria and the United States, highlighting key moments such as the leadership transition from Hafez al-Assad to Bashar al-Assad, the impact of the Ir

Contents Acknowledgments iv A Changed Region 1 The Realities of the New Middle East 4 The Iran–Iraq Cluster 4 The Syria–Lebanon Cluster 10 The Israeli–Palestinian Conflict 14 The Problem of Nuclear P

This text examines the transformed landscape of the Middle East, analyzing key conflicts in regions such as Iran-Iraq, Syria-Lebanon, and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It addresses crucial issues

About the Authors MARINA OTTAWAY is a senior associate in the Democracy and Rule of Law Program and director of the Carnegie Middle East Program. Her most recent book, Beyond the Façade: Political Re

This section highlights the contributions of key authors associated with the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Marina Ottaway, a senior associate, leads the Democracy and Rule of Law Program

policy in Iraq and of the Palestinian–Israeli peace process. The United States needs to recognize that terrorism is not the result of blind hatred of Western civilization, as the Bush administration i

This text argues that U.S. policies in the Middle East must shift to address underlying political issues to effectively curb terrorism and ensure oil flow. It outlines critical tasks for U.S. engageme

REALTIES OF THE NEW MIDDLE EAST 13 always been the possibility that Syria could be coaxed and pressured into adopting more pragmatic policies. Revived U.S. efforts to relaunch the Israeli-Palestinian

The text discusses the political realities of Lebanon following Syria's withdrawal and the influence of Hizbollah and other political factions. Despite Syrian troop withdrawal, control issues persist,

security was completely overshadowed by belligerent White House statements that U.S. policy toward Iran would remain unchanged, raising the specter of war. Although analysts agreed that the NIE’s conc

The U.S. faces significant challenges in the Middle East with three clusters of countries: Iran-Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, and the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The ongoing tensions with Iran, alongside U.S

There has been no successful democratic revolution in any Middle Eastern country. Instead, the democratic openings advocated and supported by the United States have either led to sectarian division or

This text discusses the lack of successful democratic revolutions in the Middle East, largely due to U.S. policies that have often led to sectarian division and the empowerment of Islamist groups. It

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บ้านพร เป็นแหล่งท่องเที่ยวที่น่าสนใจในประเทศไทยที่นักท่องเที่ยวควรไปสัมผัส ประกอบด้วยวัฒนธรรมท้องถิ่นและประสบการณ์ที่หลากหลาย ให้คุณได้ดื่มด่ำกับบรรยากาศที่น่ารัก เป็นโอกาสสำหรับการท่องเที่ยวแบบควบคู่

2) Dhamma for Education : - Respecting One's Teacher. 3) Dhamma for Marriage : - Jataka Stories on Women (Itthi) 4) Dhamma for General Management : - A Buddhist Way to Overcome Obstacles. - Good Emp

This text elaborates on Dhamma teachings applied to various life aspects including education with respect to teachers, marriage illustrated through Jataka stories of women, and management strategies e

During the forty-four years under Luang Por’s leadership, the world has witnessed some of the most astounding accomplishments any one person can achieve in one lifetime. There are more than one hundre

During his 44 years of leadership, Luang Por has initiated over 100 projects that revolutionized Buddhism across the globe. With the establishment of eighty Dhammakaya centers in thirty countries and

Youth Training in Creative Development These courses for 11-14 year olds is aimed to develop good manners and skills in creativity, leadership and teamwork in through the development of moral discret

This program focuses on youth aged 11-14, aimed at enhancing good manners and creativity through engaging courses. It helps children navigate ethical dilemmas in today's tech-savvy classroom by incorp